Cat Throwing Up: Causes & Signs of Serious Issues

Cats are known for their meticulous grooming habits, but occasional vomiting can be a normal part of their behavior. However, frequent or severe vomiting can be a cause for concern. Understanding the potential causes and recognizing the signs of serious issues is essential for cat owners to ensure their feline companions remain healthy and comfortable.

Common Causes of Cat Vomiting

1. Hairballs One of the most common causes of vomiting in cats is the formation of hairballs. Cats groom themselves regularly, and during this process, they ingest loose fur. Ingested hair can form into a ball that the cat may vomit to expel. While occasional hairball vomiting is normal, excessive hairball formation could indicate excessive grooming, a potential dietary issue, or a health problem.

2. Dietary Issues A cat’s diet plays a significant role in its digestive health. Sudden changes in food, overeating, or eating too quickly can all lead to vomiting. Additionally, food allergies or sensitivities can trigger gastrointestinal distress in some cats.

3. Eating Foreign Objects Cats, especially kittens, have a tendency to play with or eat things they shouldn't. Foreign objects such as string, rubber bands, or small toys can get stuck in the gastrointestinal tract and lead to vomiting. In some cases, the object may cause a blockage, requiring medical intervention.

4. Hair or Food Sensitivities Some cats have sensitivities or allergies to certain types of food. Common allergens include grains, dairy, or specific proteins. When these ingredients are ingested, they can irritate the digestive system and cause vomiting.

5. Infections or Illnesses Bacterial or viral infections in the digestive tract can lead to vomiting. Infections such as feline panleukopenia or parasitic infestations (e.g., worms) can cause a cat to throw up frequently. Cats with infections may exhibit additional symptoms like lethargy, diarrhea, and loss of appetite.

Signs of Serious Issues

While vomiting every once in a while may not be alarming, repeated or severe vomiting could signal a more serious underlying problem. Here are some red flags that should prompt you to seek veterinary attention:

1. Frequent Vomiting If your cat vomits more than once a week or experiences multiple episodes in one day, this could be a sign of a more serious issue such as gastrointestinal disease, pancreatitis, or a metabolic disorder.

2. Blood in Vomit Vomit that contains blood, whether fresh or partially digested, is a serious concern and requires immediate veterinary care. This could indicate internal bleeding, ulcers, or severe gastrointestinal problems.

3. Lethargy or Weakness If your cat is vomiting and also appears unusually tired, weak, or lethargic, this could point to an infection, liver disease, kidney failure, or other systemic issues. Cats who are weak or not responsive should be examined by a vet immediately.

4. Weight Loss or Appetite Changes Significant weight loss or a decrease in appetite, in conjunction with vomiting, may indicate a more serious health issue such as hyperthyroidism, cancer, or chronic kidney disease.

5. Diarrhea or Blood in Stool Vomiting combined with diarrhea, especially if there is blood in the stool, suggests a gastrointestinal disorder or infection. Cats that are vomiting and have diarrhea should see a vet promptly.

6. Dehydration Vomiting can cause dehydration, which can worsen the condition. Signs of dehydration include dry gums, sunken eyes, and loss of skin elasticity. Dehydration in cats can be life-threatening and requires immediate treatment.

When to See a Veterinarian

If your cat experiences any of the following, contact your veterinarian as soon as possible:

• Vomiting persists for more than 24 hours.
• Vomit contains blood or resembles coffee grounds (indicating partially digested blood).
• Your cat has other concerning symptoms like lethargy, changes in behavior, or weight loss.
• The vomiting seems to occur after eating or drinking, or is paired with excessive drooling.
• Your cat has a history of health issues or is very young, old, or immunocompromised.

Conclusion

While occasional vomiting is not unusual for cats, it is important to monitor the frequency and severity of the episodes. Understanding the potential causes and recognizing the signs of serious issues can help you address any health concerns early on. If your cat is throwing up regularly or showing other worrisome symptoms, don’t hesitate to contact your vet to ensure your feline friend stays healthy and happy.